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Cardano is a third-generation decentralized proof-of-stake (PoS) blockchain platform that aims to outperform proof-of-work (PoW) networks. The infrastructure load of rising expenses, energy utilization, and lengthy transaction times limits scalability, interoperability, and sustainability for PoW networks like Ethereum.

The Cardano platform uses the Ouroboros consensus protocol. Cardano's Ouroboros protocol was the first system that was not only safe, but was also the first to be informed by sophisticated academic study. The research-based framework anchors each development phase, or era, in the Cardano roadmap, incorporating peer-reviewed insights with evidence-based methods to make progress toward and achieve milestones related to the future directions of the blockchain network and the Ada token's use applications.

Cardano cryptocurrency.

Cardano started in 2015 by Charles Hopkinson, a co-founder of Ethereum, and they introduced it in 2017. 5 Cardano has positioned itself as a cryptocurrency that can used instead of Ethereum. They used both platforms for comparable applications, such as smart contracts, and have the same aim of creating a decentralized and linked system. Cardano sees itself as a more advanced version of Ethereum, claiming third-generation credentials above Ethereum's second-generation credentials. The blockchain platform also aims to provide financial services to the unbanked throughout the world.

Cardano’s main applications are in identity management and traceability. The former application can streamline and simplify processes that require the collection of data from multiple sources. The latter application can track and audit a product’s manufacturing processes from provenance to finished goods and, potentially, eliminate the market for counterfeit goods.

Oversight of the advancement of the Cardano protocol ecosystem decentralized and Cardano's partners: The Cardano Foundation, IOHK, and EMURGO shared responsibilities. The Cardano Foundation, a not-for-profit organization, is the legal custodian responsible for the primary oversight and supervision of the Cardano brand. The foundation advances the visibility of the protocol on the global stage, cultivates use-case opportunities and connects with policymakers, regulators, and academia. IOHK is the software engineering and technology company responsible for building Cardano, with a research arm dedicated to promoting blockchain education. IOHK works closely with academic partners to not only further its education mission but also improve the long-term scalability of the Cardano protocol by using the most recent peer-reviewed scientific research to inform platform updates before implementation. EMURGO is the global technology partner responsible for driving the commercial adoption of the Cardano protocol, integrating businesses across a wide range of sectors into their blockchain system.

How and what are Ouroboros Works?

Ouroboros functions in the following way on a wide level. It divides physical time into epochs, which comprise set intervals of time called slots. Working shifts in a plant are comparable to slots. An epoch currently lasts five days, and a slot lasts one second. However, these values are customizable and can be altered when a request submitted. Epochs function in a cyclical pattern, with one ending and the next beginning. A "lottery" mechanism selects a slot leader for each slot. The larger the investment, the better the odds of winning the lottery under this method. The following are the responsibilities of slot leaders:

Adding newly created blocks to the Cardano blockchain
Validating transactions
Creating transaction blocks

A few Ada holders must be online and maintain adequate network connectivity for Ouroboros to operate. The algorithm incorporates the notion of stake pools to further reduce energy usage. Ada users may form stake pools and pick a few people to represent them during protocol execution, making it simple to take part and assuring that blocks created even if some of them are offline.

Phases of Cardano Development

Cardano is being developed in five stages to achieve its aim of being a decentralized application development platform with a multi-asset ledger and verified smart contracts. We refer to each of the five stages they named to as an era and after a significant historical figure. The five periods, or stages, are: